Ransomware Research

Alco Ransomware

Alco is a malicious ransomware strain that encrypts victim files and demands ransom payment for decryption. First observed in the wild on September 1, 2018, this ransomware has been actively targeting systems worldwide. Security researchers also track this malware under the aliases: Maoloa-Alco, X_Mister, 4444, 666, 865.

Quick facts

Ransomware Family
Alco
First Seen
September 1, 2018
Known Aliases
Maoloa-AlcoX_Mister4444666865

How Alco ransomware works

File encryption patterns

Alco modifies encrypted files using specific patterns to mark them as encrypted:

Extensions added after encryption
.Alco4444.Ox4444.Mr-X666.Tiger4444.Pig4444.Horse4444.TROLL.Ares666.Persephone666.haka.Rabbit4444.Hades666.Hermes666.Apollon865.Ares865.Artemis865-20.Artemis865.Athena865.Rooster865qq.Rooster865.Rooster865qqZ.Monkey865qqZ.Monkey865.Encrypted

Ransom note and payment demands

After encrypting files, Alco displays ransom notes demanding payment for file recovery:

fileHOW TO BACK YOUR FILES.txt
notes/HOW TO BACK YOUR FILES.txt
Location: EveryFolder
fileHOW_TO_BACK_FILES.txt
notes/HOW_TO_BACK_FILES.txt
Location: EveryFolder
fileHOW TO BACK YOUR FILES.exe
Location: EveryFolder

Technical indicators

Associated executable files

The following executable files are associated with Alco ransomware:

About this analysis

This Alco ransomware analysis is part of Elastio's comprehensive ransomware detection database. Elastio provides advanced ransomware protection and recovery, helping organizations defend against and recover from ransomware attacks like Alco.

Last updated: December 30, 2025

Detection coverage

Elastio detects Alco inside your data and backups.

The Hunt Engine uses Deep File Inspection to identify Alco across live data, replicated data, and backups. If this family is in your environment, Elastio finds it before encryption completes. Run a scan against your recovery points to confirm.

See How the Hunt Engine WorksRequest a Demo

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What is Alco Ransomware? | Elastio