Ransomware Research

Zeppelin Ransomware

Zeppelin is a malicious ransomware strain that encrypts victim files and demands ransom payment for decryption. First observed in the wild on November 1, 2019, this ransomware has been actively targeting systems worldwide. Security researchers also track this malware under the aliases: Buran-Zeppelin.

Quick facts

Ransomware Family
Zeppelin
First Seen
November 1, 2019
Known Aliases
  • Buran-Zeppelin

How Zeppelin ransomware works

File modification behavior

Zeppelin resets file modification timestamps after encryption.

File encryption patterns

Zeppelin modifies encrypted files using specific patterns to mark them as encrypted:

Extensions added after encryption
  • .zeppelin
  • ./\.[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}$/
  • ./\.payfast[A-F0-9]{3}.[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}$/
  • .kikiriki
  • .payfast500
  • .payfast290
  • .@payfast500
  • ./\.@KUKANOSSOSANOS\.[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}$/
  • ./\.v-society\.[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}$/
  • ./\.loplup\.[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}-[A-F0-9]{3}$/

Ransom note and payment demands

After encrypting files, Zeppelin displays ransom notes demanding payment for file recovery:

filereadme.txt
notes/readme.txt
file!!! ALL YOUR FILES ARE ENCRYPTED !!!.TXT
notes/!!! ALL YOUR FILES ARE ENCRYPTED !!!.TXT

Location: EveryFolder

fileWarning!.txt
notes/Warning!.txt

Location: EveryFolder

fileRECOVERY DATA INFORMATION.TXT
notes/RECOVERY DATA INFORMATION.TXT
file!!! HOW TO BACK YOUR FILES !!!.TXT
notes/!!! HOW TO BACK YOUR FILES !!!.TXT

Location: EveryFolder

fileYOUR FILES ARE STEALED AND ENCRYPTED.txt

Technical indicators

Associated executable files

The following executable files are associated with Zeppelin ransomware:

  • iexplore.exe
  • GOOGLECRASHHANDLER.EXE
  • NisSrv.exe
  • MFEVTPS.EXE
  • firefox.exe
  • av.exe
  • ShellExperienceHost.exe
  • zeppelin.exe
  • 1767D234-B440-8A0A-8098-4692C8B2B5A8_unlocker.exe
  • oxfordnew.exe
  • on.exe
  • hhhhhh.bin
  • smss.exe
  • TrustedInstaller.exe
  • logo2.exe
  • trustedinstaller.exe
  • zeppelin.bin
  • svchost.exe
  • fgnsnfgsfgsn
  • gnfsnfgn
  • 234561.exe
  • spoolsv.exe
  • 044
  • services.exe
  • Aksip.exe
  • explorer.exe
  • 4LYY3VHO.exe
  • taskeng.exe
  • lsass.exe
  • March, 4.scr
  • mWfJm
  • 6378.exe
  • bced.exe
  • LilDroidSoftwareload.exe
  • file168_svchost.exe
  • pattern.exe
  • csrss.exe

About this analysis

This Zeppelin ransomware analysis is part of Elastio's comprehensive ransomware detection database. Elastio provides advanced ransomware protection and recovery, helping organizations defend against and recover from ransomware attacks like Zeppelin.

Last updated: February 12, 2026

Detection coverage

Elastio detects Zeppelin inside your data and backups.

The Hunt Engine uses Deep File Inspection to identify Zeppelin across live data, replicated data, and backups. If this family is in your environment, Elastio finds it before encryption completes. Run a hunt against your recovery points to confirm.