Ransomware Research

Pay-or-Lost Ransomware

Pay-or-Lost is a malicious ransomware strain that encrypts victim files and demands ransom payment for decryption. First observed in the wild on September 1, 2019, this ransomware has been actively targeting systems worldwide.

Quick facts

Ransomware Family
Pay-or-Lost
First Seen
September 1, 2019

How Pay-or-Lost ransomware works

File encryption patterns

Pay-or-Lost modifies encrypted files using specific patterns to mark them as encrypted:

Extensions added after encryption
.kkk

Ransom note and payment demands

After encrypting files, Pay-or-Lost displays ransom notes demanding payment for file recovery:

message
notes/note.txt
Location: OnceOnCompletion
filehythty
notes/hythty
Location: Desktop

Technical indicators

Associated executable files

The following executable files are associated with Pay-or-Lost ransomware:

About this analysis

This Pay-or-Lost ransomware analysis is part of Elastio's comprehensive ransomware detection database. Elastio provides advanced ransomware protection and recovery, helping organizations defend against and recover from ransomware attacks like Pay-or-Lost.

Last updated: December 30, 2025

Detection coverage

Elastio detects Pay-or-Lost inside your data and backups.

The Hunt Engine uses Deep File Inspection to identify Pay-or-Lost across live data, replicated data, and backups. If this family is in your environment, Elastio finds it before encryption completes. Run a scan against your recovery points to confirm.

See How the Hunt Engine WorksRequest a Demo

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